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G’day Trailblazers!

We’re Trailblazers, the Space Newsletter that brings you closer to the edge of innovation, where stratospheric machines and satellites meet to redefine the boundaries of high-altitude connectivity and Earth observation—no airspace too high, no detail too small.

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#LAUNCHPAD

In today’s edition

• The Rising Influence of the Stratosphere for Satellite-like Missions

• StarGraph: How High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) Work

• 5 Resources to Boost Your Workflows

• DealFlow: The Latest Investments in the Space Economy

• OutOfThisWorld: Exploring the Origins of Life with Blockchain Technology

• GhostInTheMachine: Space imagery in Papier Couché Art

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#NEWS

🍪 Space Economy Bites & Snaps

Bites…

⭐ Danger from Above: Space debris, likely from the International Space Station, landed on a Florida home, highlighting the increasing issue of space junk re-entering Earth's atmosphere and posing risks to people and property.

⭐ Starlink & Agriculture: John Deere teams up with SpaceX, integrating Starlink connectivity into agricultural machines to revolutionize farming with high-speed, autonomous operations set to transform global food production.

… and Snaps

• Commercial Strategy: DoD's new plan aims to boost national security by integrating commercial space tech.

• Sustainability: Direct-to-smartphone satellites could be the key to more sustainable space operations.

• Lunar Construction: NASA's new soil study is key to building the first moon base sustainably.

• Mars Plan: Royal Astronomer calls Elon Musk's vision for Mars colonization a "dangerous delusion."

• Starship: SpaceX's fourth test flight looms as Super Heavy booster moved to pad.

#REALLY?

🤨 Astronauts’ Spacesuits Are Expensive!

The cost of a modern NASA spacesuit varies depending on the model and the era it was developed. For the spacesuits made in 1974, the estimated price was between $15 million and $22 million. Each! However, the next-generation spacesuits, known as the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU), are expected to be even more expensive. Between 2008 and 2021, NASA spent $420 million developing the xEMU technology, and by the time two units are ready for use, which is anticipated to be around April 2025, NASA will likely have spent over $1 billion on the spacesuits. This puts the cost of each xEMU at around $500 million.

Additionally, Axiom Space was awarded a contract worth $228.5 million USD (which is approximately $341.3 million Australian dollars) to design the next-generation spacesuit for NASA's Artemis program. This contract is for the design of the suit, and it is not a per-unit cost. It's important to note that these figures include development and assembly costs, not just the production of individual suits.

#MARKETWATCH

💹 Investing in the Universe

Here's a list of funds that track companies in the space sector, giving investors access to the expanding space economy. These funds include firms in space exploration, satellite technology, and related areas, offering potential growth aligned with future technological advancements.

• Procure Space ETF (UFO) ▲ $16.18 (+0.3%)

• RK Space Exploration and Innovation (ARKX) ▲ $14.66 (+0.3%)

• S&P Kensho Final Frontiers (ROKT) ▲ $44.02 (+0.2%)

Prices as of April 3, 2024, 3:24 p.m. ET

#EVENTHORIZON

The Rising Influence of the Stratosphere for Satellite-like Missions

What is it?

The stratosphere is emerging as a valuable and cost-efficient region for executing missions that were traditionally the domain of satellites. This layer of the Earth's atmosphere, situated approximately 20 kilometers above the surface, is now accessible for a variety of applications thanks to advancements in technology. High-altitude platform stations (HAPS), stratospheric balloons, and other innovative vehicles are being developed and deployed to leverage the unique advantages of this near-space environment.

The Details

High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS)

HAPS are platforms that operate in the stratosphere to provide services such as broadband connectivity, disaster recovery communications, and Earth observation. These can be airships or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), benefiting from recent technological improvements in solar power, battery storage, materials science, and autonomous flight systems. They represent a bridge between terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure and satellite networks, offering a blend of the advantages of both. Projects like HAPSMobile, Airbus Zephyr, Stratosyst, or Devorto are trailblazing in this segment.

Stratospheric Balloons

Stratospheric balloons are another tool for accessing the stratosphere at a lower cost and with less environmental impact than rocket-launched satellites. These balloons can carry payloads for scientific research, telecommunications, and even for launching small satellites into orbit from high altitudes. Projects like Zero 2 Infinity's Bloostar are exploring the potential of balloons for sustainable and reusable access to space, highlighting the minimal environmental footprint of such missions.

Why It Matters

The utilization of the stratosphere for satellite-like missions is significant for several reasons:

• Cost-Effectiveness: The ability to conduct near-space missions at a fraction of the cost of traditional satellite operations opens up new possibilities for startups, research institutions, and countries with limited space budgets.

• Environmental Sustainability: Stratospheric missions, particularly those using balloons, offer a more sustainable alternative to rocket launches, with fewer emissions and less space debris.

• Operational Flexibility: The deployment of HAPS and balloons can be achieved more rapidly than satellite launches, allowing for quick response to natural disasters, changes in demand for telecommunications services, and other dynamic situations.

• Technological Innovation: The development of stratospheric platforms is driving advancements in a range of technologies, from materials and propulsion to communications and autonomous systems, contributing to the broader aerospace and telecommunications sectors.

In essence, the growing influence of the stratosphere in conducting traditional satellite-like missions at reduced costs and with increased sustainability and flexibility marks a interesting shift in near-space utilization. This development not only opens up new opportunities for scientific research and commercial ventures but also plays a role in addressing global challenges such as broadband connectivity and environmental monitoring. Now, imagine “connecting” these platforms to space-based solar power for infinite autonomy… 🌞🌱

📚 Additional reading for a deeper dive:

• High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS): Architecture and System Performance

• Why Stratospheric Balloons Offer Commercial Opportunities That Are Out of This World

• Cloud-Enabled High-Altitude Platform Systems: Challenges and Opportunities

• HAPS Alliance

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#STARGRAPH

📊 How High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) work

#PRODUCTIVITY

🎛️ 5 Resources to Boost Your Workflows

HeadshotPro → Simplifies professional corporate headshots: Upload photos, choose a style, and get 120+ generated headshots, ideal for individuals or teams.

Book Summarizer → An AI tool that quickly summarizes books, saving hours of reading. Gain knowledge and insights quickly.

Notion AI 🎫 → An AI platform that helps users organize and manage their tasks, projects, and notes. Try it now.

Space Medicine (Duke University) 🎫 → A free online course exploring health in space exploration. No prior experience needed. Learn about human health challenges and solutions for space travel.

Space Safety 🎫 → Online course led by astronaut Dr. Thomas Reiter and ESA experts, focusing on satellite safety, space debris, and astronaut well-being. Covers key topics like collision avoidance and cybersecurity.

🎫 indicates a promoted resource, if any.

#DEALFLOW

🌄 The Latest Investments in the Space Economy

Bright Ascension raises £2.3M for space software innovation, boosting HELIX product market entry.

OTB Ventures launches $185M fund to support European DeepTech startups.

Rocket Lab sets Q1 2024 financial results announcement for May 6, plans live webcast.

MBryonics receives €17.5M from European Innovation Council for space tech advancements in Galway, Ireland.

Astrolab wins up to $1.9 billion NASA contract for Artemis lunar terrain vehicle development.

Washington University and Impossible Sensing receive $3M NASA grant for moon research sensor development in St. Louis, USA.

Spire Global closes $30 million offering, plans to expand optics and photonics manufacturing in Ireland.

AERKOMM merges with IX Acquisition in $235M deal, for satellite technology providing multi-orbit broadband connectivity solutions.

Ingersoll Rand to acquire ILC Dover for $2.325 billion, expanding into aerospace with spacesuits and inflatable modules.

Telesat and Canada Government finalize C$2.14 billion loan for Telesat Lightspeed LEO satellite network.

ispace raises $53.5 million through stock sale to fund future lunar missions, including a far side moon lander.

TransUnion invests in SatSure, advancing agricultural finance in India with AI and satellite imagery.

HawkEye 360 secures $40 million debt financing to expand geospatial capabilities and satellite constellation.

Helicity Space receives investment from Lockheed Martin Ventures for fusion propulsion development, following a $5 million seed round.

Matter Venture Partners launches with $300M fund for hard tech innovations.

#OUTOFTHISWORLD

☄️ Exploring the Origins of Life with Blockchain Technology

What is it?

Blockchain technology, widely recognized for its role in powering cryptocurrencies, is now being explored for its potential to simulate complex chemical reactions that could reveal insights into the origins of life on Earth. This innovative application involves using blockchain's computational capabilities and distributed ledger system to model and analyze the myriad of chemical interactions that might have led to the emergence of life.

The Details

Researchers have reimagined the use of blockchain beyond its financial applications, employing it to create a vast network of chemical reactions known as the Network of Early Life (NOEL). This project started with simple molecules such as water, ammonia, and methane, believed to be present on the early Earth, and utilized smart contracts to simulate over 11 billion chemical reactions. Of these, 4.9 billion were plausible, with more than 100 identified as self-replicating reactions. The blockchain's distributed nature allowed this massive computational task to be shared across hundreds of computers worldwide, significantly reducing the resources and time typically required for such extensive simulations.

Why It Matters

The application of blockchain technology in studying the origins of life has significant implications for space exploration and our understanding of the cosmos. By identifying chemical pathways that could lead to life, these simulations can guide the search for extraterrestrial life, informing astrobiologists and space missions about the most promising locations and conditions for life beyond Earth. This approach could also enhance the design of life-detection instruments for future space missions, aiming to identify similar chemical signatures and processes on other planets and moons.

Moreover, understanding the chemical origins of life on Earth helps us consider the potential ubiquity of life in the universe. If the conditions and reactions leading to life here are not unique, it suggests that life could be more common across the cosmos, impacting the search for extraterrestrial intelligence and our philosophical perspectives on our place in the universe. Blockchain's role in this field underscores its potential to extend our scientific inquiry beyond our planet, probing the fundamental question of whether we are alone in the universe.

#GHOSTINTHEMACHINE

🤖 Inspiration from the World of AI

Space imagery in Papier Couché Art

Until Next Time

That brings us to the end of this edition, Trailblazers! Here's how we can assist you further:

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#MISSIONDEBRIEF

🌠 Getting Better Together

I value your opinion, so if you have specific advice or anything interesting you’d like to share, please let me know by replying to this email.

Thank you for reading and see you at the next orbit!

Francois

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